Chapter 60: The thorax

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Multiple Choice Question 1 of 5

1. Question
Which of the follow statements is false?
- The lungs are derivatives of the primitive foregut.
- Lymphatic drainage of the lungs to numbered lymph node stations is important in lung cancer staging.
- Bronchial arteries arise directly from the thoracic aorta to provide systemic blood supply to the trachea and bronchi.
- Anatomical differences between the right and left main bronchi favour the inhalation of foreign bodies into the right.
- The left lung has more lobes and segments than the right lung.
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Multiple Choice Question 2 of 5

2. Question
Which of the following statements is false?
- Pulmonary function tests assess the functional capacity and severity of pulmonary disease, and help to predict response to treatment.
- The peak expiratory flow rate is reliable and reproducible but is effort-dependent.
- Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) might be normal in people with poor gas exchange.
- The gas transfer factor is a test of the integrity of the lung’s alveolar-capillary surface area for gas exchange and not affected by haemoglobin level.
- Spirometry readings improve with bronchodilators for obstructive lung diseases, but no change is observed for restrictive lung diseases.
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Multiple Choice Question 3 of 5

3. Question
Which one of these is not an indication for surgical intervention in pneumothorax?
- Bilateral spontaneous pneumothoraces.
- First ipsilateral spontaneous pneumothorax in a young, tall male.
- First contralateral spontaneous pneumothorax.
- Pneumothorax in professionals at risk like divers and pilots.
- Persistent air leak following drain insertion or failure of the lung to re-expand.
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Multiple Choice Question 4 of 5

4. Question
Which of the following statements are true?
- Tension pneumothorax can cause haemodynamic compromise.
- Pleural effusions due to cardiac failure, renal failure, hepatic disease, inflammatory disease and malignancy have different protein content.
- Infection of the pleural space (empyema) results from iatrogenic and noniatrogenic causes.
- Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) plays a major role in the management of pleural space diseases.
- All of the above.
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Multiple Choice Question 5 of 5

5. Question
Which of the following about the presentation of lung disease is false?
- Repeated haemoptysis is always due to malignant lung tumour.
- Chest computed tomography (CT) scan is the most important investigation for repeated haemoptysis.
- Repeated haemoptysis should be investigated with chest x-ray and bronchoscopy.
- Patients with repeated haemoptysis should only have regular full blood count and be kept under close observation.
- Traumatic haemoptysis usually resolves spontaneously, so no investigation is necessary.
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