Chapter 43: Infection of the Bones and Joints

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Multiple Choice Question 1 of 5

1. Question

Bone and joint infections are most often caused by …

Hospital-acquired Gram-negative bacteria
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Staphylococcus aureus
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Coagulase-negative staphylococci
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Cutibacterium acnes
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Multiple Choice Question 2 of 5

2. Question

How many deep-tissue specimens should be taken to accurately diagnose a bone infection?

2
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At least 3
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At least 5
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As many as safely possible
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One each from the superficial tissue, the deep tissues and the bone
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Multiple Choice Question 3 of 5

3. Question

Which of the following statements is true regarding antibiotic treatment of bone and joint infection?

Start antibiotics as soon as the diagnosis is suspected
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Antibiotics can be safely withheld in septic patients until after surgery
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Bone infection always requires long intravenous therapy for successful outcome
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Antibiotics should be stopped 2 days before surgery
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Empiric antibiotics should be given after tissue sampling at surgery
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Multiple Choice Question 4 of 5

4. Question

In prosthetic joint infection …

Early infection is usually caused by low-grade organisms such as Cutibacterium acnes or Staphylococcus epidermidis
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Diagnosis using the European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) definition includes the presence of a high synovial white cell count (>3000) or >5 neutrophils per high-power field on histology
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Loose, infected implants can be safely retained in certain patients
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The diagnosis can be confirmed on a plain radiograph
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Debridement, antimicrobial therapy and retention (DAIR) is a modified washout of the infected joint
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Multiple Choice Question 5 of 5

5. Question

In osteomyelitis …

Radiographic changes are often seen in the first 1–2 days
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Late-presenting or chronic cases can usually be treated with antibiotics alone
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Dead involucrum is surrounded by reactive sequestrum, which should be preserved
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BACH uncomplicated cases can be successfully treated with excision, local and systemic antibiotics and skin closure
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Diagnosis can be confirmed by culture of Staphylococcus aureus from a swab taken from a draining sinus
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Chapter 43: Infection of the Bones and Joints

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