Chapter 50 Developmental Abnormalities of the Face, Mouth and Jaws

Congenital abnormalities of the head and neck are complex and often confusing. The incidence of congenital craniofacial anomalies varies in different parts of the world and is often not easy to quantify. The diagnosis of the craniofacial anomalies has, in recent years, undergone a massive change on two fronts: first, advances in ultrasonography have increased the rate of prenatal diagnosis and impacted management significantly; second, the rapid expansion in genetic understanding has led to many more mutations being linked to particular phenotypes. There have been a few reported cases of prenatal surgery when a diagnosis was made or suspected prenatally. However, these procedures remain at present experimental; in general, the options open are for termination or best supportive care in preparation for the birth. In many of the craniofacial conditions the airway can be affected and may be fully or partially obstructed.

Multiple Choice Questions
Weblinks

These resources provide greater depth of knowledge across the topics within the chapter. The principles of care are defined within the chapter and the reading list will add detail and evidence to these principles. Each reference will lead the interested reader to further resources that are available.

Journal articles

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1597/1545-1569_2001_038_0038_clapci_2.0.co_2?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed/ (paid)

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1597/08-034.1?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed/ (paid)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0007122685902371?via%3Dihub/ (paid)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/000712268590236X?via%3Dihub/ (paid)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/000294167690258X?via%3Dihub/ (paid)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S101051821500133X?via%3Dihub/ (paid)

https://journals.lww.com/plasreconsurg/Abstract/1986/78060/Cleft_Palate_Repair_by_Double_Opposing_Z_Plasty.2.aspx/ (paid)

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10654-007-9129-y/ (paid)

https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/162/5/448/82368/ (free)

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1597/15-029?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed/ (paid)

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1597/15-319?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed/ (paid)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4656704/ (free)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1093/ortho/25.1.21/ (paid)

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1597/1545-1569_2001_038_0020_clapci_2.0.co_2?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed/ (paid)

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1597/1545-1569_2001_038_0030_clapci_2.0.co_2?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed/ (paid)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4527616/ (free)

https://journals.lww.com/plasreconsurg/Abstract/2003/11000/A_Technique_for_Cleft_Palate_Repair.6.aspx/ (paid)

https://journals.lww.com/plasreconsurg/Abstract/2003/11000/The_Use_of_the_Operating_Microscope_for_Cleft.5.aspx/ (paid)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1292375/pdf/jrsocmed00144-0053.pdf/ (free)

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1597/02-102?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed/ (paid)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1808175/ (free)https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1597/1545-1569_2001_038_0024_clapci_2.0.co_2?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed/ (paid)

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